Understanding the plant immune system is crucial for using genetics to protect crops from
diseases. Plants resist pathogens via a two-tiered innate immune detection-and-response …

The innate immune system detects pathogens via germline-encoded receptors that bind to
conserved pathogen ligands called pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs). Here …

Nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat (NLR) receptor-mediated immunity includes rapid
production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and transcriptional reprogramming, which is …

Plants have both cell-surface and intracellular receptors to recognize diverse self-and non-
self molecules. Cell-surface pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) recognize extracellular …

Plants employ numerous cell-surface and intracellular immune receptors to perceive a
variety of immunogenic signals associated with pathogen infection and subsequently …

The WRKY transcription factor (TF) belongs to one of the major plant protein superfamilies.
The WRKY TF gene family plays an important role in the regulation of transcriptional …

In plants, pathogen effector-triggered immunity (ETI) often leads to programmed cell death,
which is restricted by NPR1, an activator of systemic acquired resistance. However, the …

Pseudomonas syringae is one of the most common plant pathogens that infect the
phyllosphere. P. syringae can live on the plant surface as an epiphyte. To cause disease, it …

Plants have many, highly variable resistance (R) gene loci, which provide resistance to a
variety of pathogens. The first R gene to be cloned, maize (Zea mays) Hm1, was published …

BACKGROUND Pathogens cause agricultural devastation and huge economic losses. Up to
30% of our crops are lost before or after harvest to pathogens and pests, wasting water and …