Highlights•Haplodiploidy affects the evolution of male exaggerated traits through sexual
selection.•Intra-locus sexual conflict is more likely to be resolved in favour of females, while …

It is now clear that mechanisms of sex determination are extraordinarily labile, with
considerable variation across all taxonomic levels. This variation is often expressed through …

Despite the diverse array of mating systems and life histories which characterise the
parasitic Hymenoptera, sexual selection and sexual conflict in this taxon have been …

The great diversity of sex determination mechanisms in animals and plants ranges from
genetic sex determination (GSD, eg mammals, birds, and most dioecious plants) to …

Abstract In haplodiploids,(1) alleles spend twice as many generations in females as in
males,(2) males are never heterozygous and therefore express recessive alleles, and (3) …

In haplodiploids, females pass their genes on to all their offspring, whereas a male's genes
are only passed on to his daughters [1]. Hence, males always benefit from female-biased …

Our understanding of how natural selection should shape sex allocation is perhaps more
developed than for any other trait. However, this understanding is not matched by our …

In females of haplodiploid animals, female production requires fertilization, whereas male
production does not. Therefore, haplodiploid species can display extraordinary sex ratios …

Background: In species with paternal genome elimination, both sexes are diploid. However,
in males the chromosomes inherited from the father are deactivated during early …

The partitioning of resources between male and female offspring is a fundamental aspect of
the reproductive biology of animals. Sex allocation can be adjusted by controlling offspring …