Purpose–The purpose of this paper is to provide a comprehensive literature review of
empirical studies that have examined perceptions and attitudes of the police across various …

Given the historically contentious relationship–including most notably the use of excessive
and lethal force–between the police and African Americans, the current project examines the …

Historically, research has shown that minorities, especially Blacks, are more likely to be
arrested and sentenced to prison terms than their White counterparts. Explanations of these …

The primary purpose of this study is to assess the relative effects of race and class, at both
individual and neighborhood levels, on public satisfaction with police. Using hierarchical …

Purpose–The purpose of this paper is to differentiate clearly between three frequently used
concepts found in the research literature on public perceptions of the police: confidence in …

Given the media attention to police killings of unarmed men of color, police agencies have
increased their focus on the diversity of their applicant pools. Despite their efforts, policing …

Relying on survey data collected from over 1,300 students of 13–18 years old across
multiple US cities, this study attempts to integrate race into social bond theory to explain the …

Few studies have been conducted about differential public perceptions of the police in
Canada. Based on the 2004 General Social Survey of Canada, this article examines the …

Recent incidents involving police shootings of unarmed men of color have increased
tensions between communities and police departments across the United States. In …

Much is now known about public trust and confidence in the police, especially regarding the
important role of procedural justice in police–citizen engagements. However, less is known …