The evolution of applications, hardware design, and channel modeling for terahertz (THz) band communications and sensing: Ready for 6G?

JM Jornet, V Petrov, H Wang, Z Popović… - Proceedings of the …, 2024‏ - ieeexplore.ieee.org
For decades, the terahertz (THz) frequency band had been primarily explored in the context
of radar, imaging, and spectroscopy, where multi-gigahertz (GHz) and even THz-wide …

Waste factor and waste figure: A unified theory for modeling and analyzing wasted power in radio access networks for improved sustainability

TS Rappaport, M Ying, N Piovesan… - IEEE Open Journal …, 2024‏ - ieeexplore.ieee.org
This paper introduces Waste Factor (W), also denoted as Waste Figure (WF) in dB, a
promising new metric for quantifying energy efficiency in a wide range of circuits and …

Using waste factor to optimize energy efficiency in multiple-input single-output (MISO) and multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems

M Ying, D Shakya, TS Rappaport - arxiv preprint arxiv:2405.01352, 2024‏ - arxiv.org
This paper introduces Waste Factor (W) and Waste Figure (WF) to assess power efficiency in
any multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) or single-input multiple-output (SIMO) or multiple …

Use Cases for Terahertz Communications: An Industrial Perspective

T Zugno, C Ciochina, S Sambhwani… - IEEE Wireless …, 2025‏ - ieeexplore.ieee.org
Thanks to the vast amount of available resources and unique propagation properties,
terahertz (THz) frequency bands are viewed as a key enabler for achieving ultrahigh …

[PDF][PDF] Waste figure and waste factor: New metrics for evaluating power efficiency in any circuit or cascade

T Rappaport, M Ying, D Shakya - Microwave Journal, 2024‏ - wireless.engineering.nyu.edu
Today, there is a great need for en-suring the energy-efficient design of circuits and systems,
yet the electrical engineering field has lacked a clear, well-defined, unified key performance …