Concepts and terminology for sea level: Mean, variability and change, both local and global

JM Gregory, SM Griffies, CW Hughes, JA Lowe… - Surveys in …, 2019‏ - Springer
Abstract Changes in sea level lead to some of the most severe impacts of anthropogenic
climate change. Consequently, they are a subject of great interest in both scientific research …

Challenges and prospects in ocean circulation models

B Fox-Kemper, A Adcroft, CW Böning… - Frontiers in Marine …, 2019‏ - frontiersin.org
We revisit the challenges and prospects for ocean circulation models following Griffies et al..
Over the past decade, ocean circulation models evolved through improved understanding …

The causes of sea-level rise since 1900

T Frederikse, F Landerer, L Caron, S Adhikari… - Nature, 2020‏ - nature.com
The rate of global-mean sea-level rise since 1900 has varied over time, but the contributing
factors are still poorly understood. Previous assessments found that the summed …

Probabilistic 21st and 22nd century sea‐level projections at a global network of tide‐gauge sites

RE Kopp, RM Horton, CM Little, JX Mitrovica… - Earth's …, 2014‏ - Wiley Online Library
Sea‐level rise due to both climate change and non‐climatic factors threatens coastal
settlements, infrastructure, and ecosystems. Projections of mean global sea‐level (GSL) rise …

Reassessment of 20th century global mean sea level rise

S Dangendorf, M Marcos, G Wöppelmann… - Proceedings of the …, 2017‏ - pnas.org
The rate at which global mean sea level (GMSL) rose during the 20th century is uncertain,
with little consensus between various reconstructions that indicate rates of rise ranging from …

Detection and attribution of climate change: from global to regional

NL Bindoff, PAA Stott, KM AchutaRao… - Climate change 2013 …, 2014‏ - hal.science
This chapter assesses the causes of observed changes assessed in Chapters 2 to 5 and
uses understanding of physical processes, climate models and statistical approaches. The …

Global sea-level budget 1993-present

A Cazenave, B Meyssignac, M Ablain, M Balmaseda… - 2018‏ - figshare.utas.edu.au
Global mean sea level is an integral of changes occurring in the climate system in response
to unforced climate variability as well as natural and anthropogenic forcing factors. Its …

Global change and the groundwater management challenge

SM Gorelick, C Zheng - Water Resources Research, 2015‏ - Wiley Online Library
With rivers in critical regions already exploited to capacity throughout the world and
groundwater overdraft as well as large‐scale contamination occurring in many areas, we …

Probabilistic reanalysis of twentieth-century sea-level rise

CC Hay, E Morrow, RE Kopp, JX Mitrovica - Nature, 2015‏ - nature.com
Estimating and accounting for twentieth-century global mean sea-level (GMSL) rise is critical
to characterizing current and future human-induced sea-level change. Several previous …

Global reconstruction of historical ocean heat storage and transport

L Zanna, S Khatiwala, JM Gregory, J Ison… - Proceedings of the …, 2019‏ - pnas.org
Most of the excess energy stored in the climate system due to anthropogenic greenhouse
gas emissions has been taken up by the oceans, leading to thermal expansion and sea …