Four substantial tetrapod extinctions have been identified during the Permian, but only one
of these is an apparent mass extinction. Analyses of global compilations of the family-level …

Amniotes include mammals, reptiles and birds, representing 75% of extant vertebrate
species on land. They originated around 318 million years ago in the early Late …

The most extensive Permian tetrapod (amphibian and reptile) fossil records from the western
USA (New Mexico to Texas) and South Africa have been used to define 11 land vertebrate …

Phylonyms is an implementation of PhyloCode, which is a set of principles, rules, and
recommendations governing phylogenetic nomenclature. Nearly 300 clades-lineages of …

Mammals are arguably the most conspicuous tetrapods in the modern biota. Although there
are fewer extant mammal species (~ 5,500) than birds (~ 10,000) or squamates (~ 10,000) …

Basal synapsids ('pelycosaurs') form the basalmost portion of the mammalian stem lineage
and document the transition from primitive 'reptile-like'basal amniotes to derived, mammal …

Synapsids dominated the terrestrial realm between the late Pennsylvanian and the Triassic.
Their early evolution includes some of the first amniotes to evolve large size, herbivory, and …

During the Permian, tetrapods showed a major transition from basal synapsid-dominated
faunas in the first half to therapsid-dominated faunas in the second. The transition was …

Therapsids were a dominant component of middle–late Permian terrestrial ecosystems
worldwide, eventually giving rise to mammals during the early Mesozoic. However, little is …

Early terrestrial vertebrates (amniotes) provide a classic example of diversification following
adaptive zone invasion. The initial terrestrialization of vertebrates was closely followed by …