Active matter, which ranges from molecular motors to groups of animals, exists at different
length scales and timescales, and various computational models have been proposed to …

Osmosis is a universal phenomenon occurring in a broad variety of processes and fields. It
is the archetype of entropic forces, both trivial in its fundamental expression–the van't Hoff …

Active colloids are microscopic particles, which self-propel through viscous fluids by
converting energy extracted from their environment into directed motion. We first explain …

Droplets abound in nature and technology. In general, they are multicomponent, and, when
out of equilibrium, have gradients in concentration, implying flow and mass transport …

Active colloids use energy input at the particle level to propel persistent motion and direct
dynamic assemblies. We consider three types of colloids animated by chemical reactions …

It is well-known that micro-and nanoparticles can move by phoretic effects in response to
externally imposed gradients of scalar quantities such as chemical concentration or electric …

Active matter agents consume internal energy or extract energy from the environment for
locomotion and force generation. Already, rather generic models, such as ensembles of …

We report spontaneous motion in a fully biocompatible system consisting of pure water
droplets in an oil-surfactant medium of squalane and monoolein. Water from the droplet is …

Designing microscopic and nanoscopic self-propelled particles and characterising their
motion have become a major scientific challenge over the past few decades. To this …

Swimming droplets are artificial microswimmers based on liquid droplets that show self-
propelled motion when immersed in a second liquid. These systems are of tremendous …