In this review, we summarize the current knowledge about the membranous replication
factories of members of plus-strand (+) RNA viruses. We discuss primarily the architecture of …

Replication and intercellular spread of viruses depend on host mechanisms supporting the
formation, transport and turnover of functional complexes between viral genomes, virus …

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is the largest intracellular organelle. It forms a complex
network of continuous sheets and tubules, extending from the nuclear envelope (NE) to the …

All plus-strand RNA viruses replicate in association with cytoplasmic membranes of infected
cells. The RNA replication complex of many virus families is associated with the …

This review focuses on the extensive membrane and organelle rearrangements that have
been observed in plant cells infected with RNA viruses. The modifications generally involve …

B. Virulence Tests C. Asexual and Sexual Sporulation D. Transfection and Transformation
VI. Structure and Characteristics of the CHV1 Genome A. Overview of CHV1 RNA Genome …

The tombusviruses are among the most extensively studied messenger-sensed RNA plant
viruses. Over the past decade, there have been numerous important advances in our …

Intracellular membranes are critical for replication of positive-strand RNA viruses. To dissect
the roles of various lipids, we have developed an artificial phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) …

Replication of plus-stranded RNA viruses is performed by the viral replicase complex, which,
together with the viral RNA, must be targeted to intracellular membranes, where replication …

Viruses recruit cellular membranes and subvert cellular proteins involved in lipid
biosynthesis to build viral replicase complexes and replication organelles. Among the lipids …