Articular cartilage injury is a frequent worldwide disease, while effective treatment is urgently
needed. Due to lack of blood vessels and nerves, the ability of cartilage to self-repair is …

Organoids are in vitro model systems that mimic the complexity of organs with multicellular
structures and functions, which provide great potential for biomedical and tissue …

Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) chondrogenesis in three-dimensional (3D) culture involves
dynamic changes in cytoskeleton architecture during mesenchymal condensation before …

Mechanical hallmarks of fibrotic microenvironments are both outcomes and causes of
fibrosis progression. Understanding how cells sense and transmit mechanical cues in the …

Physical cues like morphology, light, electric signal, mechanic signal, magnetic signal, and
heat can be used as alternative regulators for expensive but short‐acting growth factors in …

Immunotherapy based on immune checkpoint inhibitors has evolved into a new pillar of
cancer treatment in clinics, but dealing with treatment resistance (either primary or acquired) …

Cells interact with their surrounding environment through a combination of static and
dynamic mechanical signals that vary over stimulus types, intensity, space, and time …

The endothelial cell (EC) outgrowth in both vasculogenesis and angiogenesis starts with
remodeling surrounding matrix and proceeds with the crosstalk between cells for the …

The fibrous network of an extracellular matrix (ECM) possesses mechanical properties that
convey critical biological functions in cell mechanotransduction. Engineered fibrous …

Brain lesions can arise from traumatic brain injury, infection, and craniotomy. Although
injectable hydrogels show promise for promoting healing of lesions and health of …