Mixed-phase clouds represent a three-phase colloidal system consisting of water vapor, ice
particles, and coexisting supercooled liquid droplets. Mixed-phase clouds are ubiquitous in …

Several mechanisms can extend the equilibrium domain of a liquid phase into the solid
region of the normal phase diagram. The causes of premelting, which include surface …

Evidence for the tripole structure of electrified clouds is summarized. The observed structure
is quantitatively consistent with the results of laboratory simulations and suggests that …

Reflectivity data from Doppler radars are used to construct vertical profiles of radar
reflectivity (VPRR) of convective cells in mesoscale convective systems (MCSS) in three …

Laboratory studies have shown that thunderstorm charging caused by the interactions of ice
crystals and graupel pellets is affected in sign and magnitude by temperature and cloud …

This unique book provides the reader with a thorough background in almost every aspect of
lightning and its impact on electrical and electronic equipment. The contents range from …

Electric field (E) soundings through convective regions of mesoscale convective systems
(MCSs) are examined in this paper. Ten E soundings through updrafts in MCS convective …

This study attempts a new identification of mechanisms of secondary ice production (SIP)
based on the observation of small faceted ice crystals (hexagonal plates or columns) with …

This study investigates the relationship of total lightning activity and updraft characteristics,
such as updraft volume and maximum updraft speed, for a number of storms of different …

Recent studies have shown that global radiative and hydrological fluxes are strongly linked
to microphysical processes in clouds. The sensitivity of predictions of climate variations to …