Recurrent implantation failure refers to failure to achieve a clinical pregnancy after transfer of
at least four good-quality embryos in a minimum of three fresh or frozen cycles in a woman …

The concept that pregnancy is associated with immune suppression has created a myth of
pregnancy as a state of immunological weakness and, therefore, of increased susceptibility …

BACKGROUND Implantation is a complex initial step in the establishment of a successful
pregnancy. Although embryo quality is an important determinant of implantation, temporally …

Background Normal pregnancy relies on a careful balance between immune tolerance and
suppression. It is known that strict regulation of maternal immune function, in addition to …

OBJECTIVE: To study whether an injury-induced inflammation might be the mechanism
underlying the favorable effect of endometrial biopsy on the implantation rate in in vitro …

Mechanical endometrial injury (biopsy/scratch or hysteroscopy) in the cycle preceding
ovarian stimulation for IVF has been proposed to improve implantation in women with …

Several lines of evidence suggest that autoimmune mechanisms may influence the
reproductive life and fertility of both sexes, commonly manifesting as infertility or pregnancy …

Approximately half of all human embryo implantations result in failed pregnancy. Multiple
factors may contribute to this failure, including genetic or metabolic abnormalities of the …

Human embryo implantation is an intricate spatiotemporal process that involves the intimate
association between the embryo and the endometrium of the mother. During implantation …

OBJECTIVE: To assess whether inadequate, thin endometrium (< 7 mm), after failure to
expand with standard treatment options, will be responsive to cytokine treatment. DESIGN …