Algorithms for automatic analysis and classification of heart sounds–a systematic review

AK Dwivedi, SA Imtiaz, E Rodriguez-Villegas - IEEE Access, 2018‏ - ieeexplore.ieee.org
Cardiovascular diseases currently pose the highest threat to human health around the
world. Proper investigation of the abnormalities in heart sounds is known to provide vital …

A review of Hidden Markov models and Recurrent Neural Networks for event detection and localization in biomedical signals

Y Khalifa, D Mandic, E Sejdić - Information Fusion, 2021‏ - Elsevier
Biomedical signals carry signature rhythms of complex physiological processes that control
our daily bodily activity. The properties of these rhythms indicate the nature of interaction …

An open access database for the evaluation of heart sound algorithms

C Liu, D Springer, Q Li, B Moody… - Physiological …, 2016‏ - iopscience.iop.org
In the past few decades, analysis of heart sound signals (ie the phonocardiogram or PCG),
especially for automated heart sound segmentation and classification, has been widely …

Logistic regression-HSMM-based heart sound segmentation

DB Springer, L Tarassenko… - IEEE transactions on …, 2015‏ - ieeexplore.ieee.org
The identification of the exact positions of the first and second heart sounds within a
phonocardiogram (PCG), or heart sound segmentation, is an essential step in the automatic …

A sleep apnea detection method based on unsupervised feature learning and single-lead electrocardiogram

K Feng, H Qin, S Wu, W Pan… - IEEE Transactions on …, 2020‏ - ieeexplore.ieee.org
Sleep apnea (SA) is a harmful respiratory disorder that has caused widespread concern
around the world. Considering that electrocardiogram (ECG)-based SA diagnostic methods …

Segmentation of heart sound recordings by a duration-dependent hidden Markov model

SE Schmidt, C Holst-Hansen, C Graff… - Physiological …, 2010‏ - iopscience.iop.org
Digital stethoscopes offer new opportunities for computerized analysis of heart sounds.
Segmentation of heart sound recordings into periods related to the first and second heart …

Heart sound segmentation—an event detection approach using deep recurrent neural networks

E Messner, M Zöhrer, F Pernkopf - IEEE transactions on …, 2018‏ - ieeexplore.ieee.org
Objective: In this paper, we accurately detect the state-sequence first heart sound (S1)-
systole-second heart sound (S2)-diastole, ie, the positions of S1 and S2, in heart sound …

PCG classification through spectrogram using transfer learning

S Ismail, B Ismail, I Siddiqi, U Akram - Biomedical Signal Processing and …, 2023‏ - Elsevier
Heart rate classification is a challenging problem primarily due to spectral overlap of normal
heart sound with internal sources like extra heart sounds, extra systole, murmurs, respiration …

Microscopic abnormality classification of cardiac murmurs using ANFIS and HMM

HM Fahad, MU Ghani Khan, T Saba… - Microscopy research …, 2018‏ - Wiley Online Library
Auscultation of heart dispenses identification of the cardiac valves. An electronic
stethoscope is used for the acquisition of heart murmurs that is further classified into normal …

Method and apparatus for generating assessments using physical activity and biometric parameters

SF LeBoeuf, ME Aumer, ED Romesburg - US Patent 9,788,794, 2017‏ - Google Patents
US9788794B2 - Method and apparatus for generating assessments using physical activity and
biometric parameters - Google Patents US9788794B2 - Method and apparatus for generating …