More and more in-depth studies have revealed that the occurrence and development of
tumors depend on gene mutation and tumor heterogeneity. The most important …

A wide spectrum of metabolites (mainly, the three major nutrients and their derivatives) can
be sensed by specific sensors, then trigger a series of signal transduction pathways and …

As key organelles involved in cellular metabolism, mitochondria frequently undergo
adaptive changes in morphology, components and functions in response to various …

FOXP3+ regulatory T cells (Tregs) are central for peripheral tolerance, and their
deregulation is associated with autoimmunity. Dysfunctional autoimmune Tregs display pro …

Psoriasis is a common, chronic, and inflammatory skin disease with a high burden on
individuals, health systems, and society worldwide. With the immunological pathologies and …

Succinate is a tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle intermediate normally confined to the
mitochondrial matrix. It is a substrate of succinate dehydrogenase (SDH). Mutation of SDH …

Itaconate is an immunomodulatory metabolite produced by immune cells under microbial
stimulation and certain pro-inflammatory conditions and triggers antioxidant and anti …

Effective T cell–mediated immune responses require the proper allocation of metabolic
resources to sustain growth, proliferation, and cytokine production. Epigenetic control of the …

Succinate is an important metabolite that modulates metabolism of immune cells and cancer
cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Herein, we report that polyethylene succinate …

The functional integrity of CD8+ T cells is closely linked to metabolic reprogramming;
therefore, understanding the metabolic basis of CD8+ T cell activation and antitumor …