Protein aggregation occurs as a consequence of perturbations in protein homeostasis that
can be triggered by environmental and cellular stresses. The accumulation of protein …

Macromolecular crowding affects the activity of proteins and functional macromolecular
complexes in all cells, including bacteria. Crowding, together with physicochemical …

We analyze the structure of the cytoplasm by performing single-molecule displacement
map** on a diverse set of native cytoplasmic proteins in exponentially growing …

Cellular growth is the result of passive physical constraints and active biological processes.
Their interplay leads to the appearance of robust and ubiquitous scaling laws relating …

Cell density shows very little variation within a given cell type. For example, in humans
variability in cell density among cells of a given cell type is 100 times smaller than variation …

Coupled transcription-translation (CTT) is a hallmark of prokaryotic gene expression. CTT
occurs when ribosomes associate with and initiate translation of mRNAs whose transcription …

Many steps of RNA processing occur during transcription by RNA polymerases. Co-
transcriptional activities are deemed commonplace in prokaryotes, in which the lack of …

To examine how bacteria achieve robust cell proliferation across diverse conditions, we
developed a method that quantifies 77 cell morphological, cell cycle, and growth …

The size of the nucleus scales robustly with cell size so that the nuclear-to-cell volume ratio
(N/C ratio) is maintained during cell growth in many cell types. The mechanism responsible …

Despite their diverse biochemical characteristics and functions, all DNA-binding proteins
share the ability to accurately locate their target sites among the vast excess of non-target …