The measurement of fitness is critical to biological research. Although the determination of
fitness for some organisms may be relatively straightforward under controlled conditions, it is …

Charles Darwin recognized that flowering plants have an unrivalled diversity of sexual
systems. Determining the ecological and genetic factors that govern sexual diversification in …

A unique and personal insight into the ecology and evolution of pollinators, their
relationships with flowers, and their conservation in a rapidly changing world. The …

Introduced species can have cascading effects on ecological communities, but indirect
effects of species introductions are rarely the focus of ecological studies. For example …

Bumblebees are familiar and charismatic insects, occurring throughout much of the world.
They are increasingly being used as a model organism for studying a wide range of …

▪ Abstract Mixed mating, in which hermaphrodite plant species reproduce by both self-and
cross-fertilization, presents a challenging problem for evolutionary biologists. Theory …

Although plant‐herbivore and plant‐pollinator interactions have traditionally been studied
separately, many traits are simultaneously under selection by both herbivores and …

The orchid family is renowned for its enormous diversity of pollination mechanisms and
unusually high occurrence of non-rewarding flowers compared to other plant families. The …

Mating in seed plants arises from interactions between plant traits and the environmental
and demographic context in which individuals reside. These interactions commonly cause …

Comparisons of the causes and consequences of cross–and self–fertilization have
dominated research on plant mating since Darwin's seminal work on plant reproduction …