Many behaviors posing significant risks to public health are characterized by repeated
decisions to forego better long-term outcomes in the face of immediate temptations. Steeply …

The field of behavioral economics has made important inroads into the understanding of
substance use disorders through the concept of reinforcer pathology. Reinforcer pathology …

Rationale Impulsivity has been strongly linked to addictive behaviors, but can be
operationalized in a number of ways that vary considerably in overlap, suggesting …

Impulsivity is the tendency to act prematurely without foresight. Behavioral and
neurobiological analysis of this construct, with evidence from both animal and human …

Background Financial incentives promote many health behaviors, but effective ways to
deliver health incentives remain uncertain. Methods We randomly assigned CVS Caremark …

Rationale Delay discounting, or the devaluation of delayed outcomes, appears to play an
etiological role in tobacco and other substance-use disorders. Objectives No human studies …

Delay discounting is the decline in the present value of a reward with delay to its receipt.
Across a variety of species, populations, and reward types, value declines hyperbolically …

Rationale Delayed reward discounting (DRD) is a behavioral economic index of impulsivity
and numerous studies have examined DRD in relation to addictive behavior. To synthesize …

Early life adversity (ELA) is associated with poorer health in adulthood, an association
explained, at least in part, by increased engagement in health‐risk behaviors (HRBs). In this …

Impulsivity and compulsivity represent useful conceptualizations that involve dissociable
cognitive functions, which are mediated by neuroanatomically and neurochemically distinct …