The landmark discoveries of leptin and adiponectin firmly established adipose tissue as a
sophisticated and highly active endocrine organ, opening a new era of investigating adipose …

Autophagy contributes to the maintenance of intracellular homeostasis in most cells of
cardiovascular origin, including cardiomyocytes, endothelial cells, and arterial smooth …

The mTOR (mechanistic target of rapamycin) is a master regulator of several crucial cellular
processes, including protein synthesis, cellular growth, proliferation, autophagy, lysosomal …

Aging is a prominent risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, which is the leading cause of
death around the world. Recently, cellular senescence has received potential attention as a …

Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide.
Advancing age is a major risk factor for develo** cardiovascular disease because of the …

The aging population is increasing in developed countries. Because the incidence of
cardiac disease increases dramatically with age, it is important to understand the molecular …

Macroautophagy/autophagy is primarily accountable for the degradation of damaged
organelles and toxic macromolecules in the cells. Regarding the essential function of …

Aging, an irreversible biological process, serves as an independent risk factor for chronic
disease including cancer, pulmonary, neurodegenerative, and cardiovascular diseases. In …

Cardiovascular diseases are the most prominent maladies in aging societies. Indeed, aging
promotes the structural and functional declines of both the heart and the blood circulation …

The free radical theory of aging proposes that reactive oxygen species (ROS)-induced
accumulation of damage to cellular macromolecules is a primary driving force of aging and a …