To behave adaptively, we must learn from the consequences of our actions. Studies using
event-related potentials (ERPs) have been informative with respect to the question of how …

In order to control behavior in an adaptive manner the brain has to learn how some
situations and actions predict positive or negative outcomes. During the last decade …

Cybernetics, the study of goal-directed, adaptive systems, is the best framework for an
integrative theory of personality. Cybernetic Big Five Theory attempts to provide a …

Abstract The United States National Institute of Mental Health has recently promoted the
Research Domain Criteria framework, which emphasizes the study of neurocognitive …

Personality psychology seeks both to understand how individuals differ from one another in
behavior, motivation, emotion, and cognition and to explain the causes of those differences …

Economic games are well-established experimental paradigms for modeling social decision
making. A large body of literature has pointed to the heterogeneity of behavior within many …

One of the most robust observations in personality and emotion research is the finding that
extraverts are happier than introverts. Some theorists have attributed this to differential …

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a complex psychiatric disease requiring
multidisciplinary approaches to identify specific risk factors and establish more efficacious …

Reward processes have played an increasingly visible role in theories of extraverted
personality. Reward processing is usually conceptualized in terms of the brain system …

Understanding the neurophysiological mechanisms of learning is important for both
fundamental and clinical neuroscience. We present a neurophysiologically inspired …