Free-electron lasers produce extremely brief, coherent, and bright laser-like photon pulses
that allow to image matter at atomic resolution and at timescales faster than the …

Single-shot ultrafast optical imaging can capture two-dimensional transient scenes in the
optical spectral range at≥ 100 million frames per second. This rapidly evolving field …

X-ray free-electron lasers (XFELs) and table-top sources of x-rays based upon high
harmonic generation (HHG) have revolutionized the field of ultrafast x-ray atomic and …

Laser plasma-based particle accelerators attract great interest in fields where conventional
accelerators reach limits based on size, cost or beam parameters. Despite the fact that …

How to obtain object information as rich as possible, with the highest possible speed and
accuracy from recorded optical signals, has been a crucial issue to the pursuit of powerful …

This review is focused on free-electron lasers (FELs) in the hard to soft x-ray regime. The
aim is to provide newcomers to the area with insights into: the basic physics of FELs, the …

While the concept of focusing usually applies to the spatial domain, it is equally applicable to
the time domain. Real-time imaging of temporal focusing of single ultrashort laser pulses is …

Diffraction-before-destruction imaging with ultrashort X-ray pulses can visualize non-
equilibrium processes, such as chemical reactions, with sub-femtosecond precision in the …

The structure of molecules, particularly the dynamic changes in structure, plays an essential
role in understanding physical and chemical phenomena. Time-resolved (TR) scattering …

Recent technological advances in attosecond science hold the promise of tracking
electronic processes at the shortest space and time scales. However, the necessary imaging …