Active matter extracts energy from its surroundings at the single particle level and transforms
it into mechanical work. Examples include cytoskeleton biopolymers and bacterial …

For over a century, the neuron doctrine—which states that the neuron is the structural and
functional unit of the nervous system—has provided a conceptual foundation for …

What happens in our brain when we make a decision? What triggers a neuron to send out a
signal? What is the neural code? This textbook for advanced undergraduate and beginning …

Though mathematical ideas underpin the study of neural networks, the author presents the
fundamentals without the full mathematical apparatus. All aspects of the field are tackled …

Two-photon calcium imaging is a powerful means for monitoring the activity of distinct
neurons in brain tissue in vivo. In the mammalian brain, such imaging studies have been …

Various types of structures self-organised by animals exist in nature, such as bird flocks and
insect swarms, which stem from the local communications of vast numbers of limited …

The medial entorhinal cortex (MEC) is part of the brain's circuit for dynamic representation of
self-location. The metric of this representation is provided by grid cells, cells with spatial …

Neurons in the cerebral cortex are organized into anatomical columns, with ensembles of
cells arranged from the surface to the white matter. Within a column, neurons often share …

Horizontal connections, formed primarily by the axon collaterals of pyramidal neurons in
layer 2/3 of visual cortex, extend for millimeters parallel to the cortical surface and form …

Develo** sensory circuits exhibit different patterns of spontaneous activity, patterns that
are related to the construction and refinement of functional networks. During the …