The main aim of DNA barcoding is to establish a shared community resource of DNA
sequences that can be used for organismal identification and taxonomic clarification. This …

Chloroplasts are cytoplasmic organelles and the sites of photosynthesis in eukaryotic cells.
Advances in structural biology and comparative genomics allow us to identify individual …

Orchids are the most diverse family of angiosperms, with over 25 000 species, more than
mammals, birds and reptiles combined. Tests of hypotheses to account for such diversity …

Background Next-generation sequencing has provided a wealth of plastid genome
sequence data from an increasingly diverse set of green plants (Viridiplantae). Although …

The field of comparative plastid genomics has burgeoned during the past decade, largely
due to the availability of rapid, less expensive genome sequencing technologies. Currently …

Chloroplast genomes supply indispensable information that helps improve the phylogenetic
resolution and even as organelle‐scale barcodes. Next‐generation sequencing …

Nonphotosynthetic plants possess strongly reconfigured plastomes attributable to
convergent losses of photosynthesis and housekee** genes, making them excellent …

The plastid genome of plants is the smallest and most gene‐rich of the three genomes in
each cell and the one generally present in the highest copy number. As a result, obtaining …

Chloroplasts (plastids) possess a genome and their own machinery to express it. Translation
in plastids occurs on bacterial-type 70S ribosomes utilizing a set of tRNAs that is entirely …

Orchidaceae is the 3rd largest family of angiosperms, an evolved young branch of
monocotyledons. This family contains a number of economically-important horticulture and …