Neuromodulation is an expanding area of pain medicine that incorporates an array of non-
invasive, minimally invasive, and surgical electrical therapies. In this Series paper, we focus …

Invasive and non-invasive brain stimulation methods are widely used in neuroscience to
establish causal relationships between distinct brain regions and the sensory, cognitive and …

Executive functions, or cognitive control, are higher-order cognitive functions needed for
adaptive goal-directed behaviours and are significantly impaired in majority of …

Since ancient times it is known that melancholia and sleep disturbances co-occur. The
introduction of polysomnography into psychiatric research confirmed a disturbance of sleep …

In the past three decades, our understanding of brain–behavior relationships has been
significantly shaped by research using non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) techniques …

Transcranial ultrasound stimulation (TUS) holds great potential as a tool to alter neural
circuits non-invasively in both animals and humans. In contrast to established non-invasive …

A group of European experts was commissioned by the European Chapter of the
International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology to gather knowledge about the state of …

Noninvasive brain stimulation techniques are used in experimental and clinical fields for
their potential effects on brain network dynamics and behavior. Transcranial electrical …

Stroke is one of the leading causes for disability worldwide. Motor function deficits due to
stroke affect the patients' mobility, their limitation in daily life activities, their participation in …

The construct of mathematics anxiety has been an important topic of study at least since the
concept of “number anxiety” was introduced by Dreger and Aiken, and has received …