Topological insulators are new states of quantum matter which cannot be adiabatically
connected to conventional insulators and semiconductors. They are characterized by a full …

Topological insulators are electronic materials that have a bulk band gap like an ordinary
insulator but have protected conducting states on their edge or surface. These states are …

We show that the quantum spin Hall (QSH) effect, a state of matter with topological
properties distinct from those of conventional insulators, can be realized in mercury telluride …

Recent theory predicted that the quantum spin Hall effect, a fundamentally new quantum
state of matter that exists at zero external magnetic field, may be realized in HgTe/(Hg, Cd) …

We show that the combination of spin-orbit coupling with a Zeeman field or strong
interactions may lead to the formation of a helical electron liquid in single-channel quantum …

Topological insulators are materials with a bulk excitation gap generated by the spin-orbit
interaction that are different from conventional insulators. This distinction is characterized by …

We systematically study topological phases of insulators and superconductors (or
superfluids) in three spatial dimensions. We find that there exist three-dimensional (3D) …

We show that the fundamental time-reversal invariant (TRI) insulator exists in 4+ 1
dimensions, where the effective-field theory is described by the (4+ 1)-dimensional Chern …

What are topological phases of matter? First, they are phases of matter at zero temperature.
Second, they have a nonzero energy gap for the excitations above the ground state. Third …

We study the structure of soliton-monopole systems when Fermi fields are present. We show
that the existence of a nondegenerate, isolated, zero-energy, c-number solution of the Dirac …