In recent years, interest in the health effects of natural antioxidants has increased due to
their safety and applicability in cosmetic formulation. Nevertheless, efficacy of natural …

UV radiation (UV) is classified as a “complete carcinogen” because it is both a mutagen and
a non-specific damaging agent and has properties of both a tumor initiator and a tumor …

Written by experienced and internationally renowned contributors, this is the fourth edition of
what has become the standard reference for cosmetic scientists and dermatologists seeking …

Studies of gene–environment interactions aim to describe how genetic and environmental
factors jointly influence the risk of develo** a human disease. Gene–environment …

As the proportion of the ageing population in industrialized countries continues to increase,
the dermatological concerns of the aged grow in medical importance. Intrinsic structural …

In this article, we review the current state of knowledge concerning the physical and
chemical properties of the eumelanin pigment. We examine properties related to its …

Basal cell carcinomas (BCCs) were essentially a molecular'black box'until some 12 years
ago, when identification of a genetic flaw in a rare subset of patients who have a great …

Hair, skin and eye colors are highly heritable and visible traits in humans. We carried out a
genome-wide association scan for variants associated with hair and eye pigmentation, skin …

UV-induced pigmentation (suntanning) requires induction of α-melanocyte-stimulating
hormone (α-MSH) secretion by keratinocytes. α-MSH and other bioactive peptides are …

A method is described to discover if a gene carries one or more allelic mutations that confer
risk for any specified common disease. The method does not depend upon genetic linkage …