Animal camouflage represents one of the most important ways of preventing (or facilitating)
predation. It attracted the attention of the earliest evolutionary biologists, and today remains …

The ability to change appearance over a range of timescales is widespread in nature,
existing in many invertebrate and vertebrate groups. This can include color change …

Camouflage is a key defence across taxa and frequently critical to survival. A common
strategy is background matching, resembling the colour and pattern of the environment. This …

Simplification of natural habitats has become a major conservation challenge and there is a
growing consensus that incorporating and enhancing habitat complexity is likely to be …

Camouflage is perhaps the most widespread anti-predator defense in nature, with many
different types thought to exist. Of these, resembling the general color and pattern of the …

Camouflage is driven by matching the visual environment, yet natural habitats are rarely
uniform and comprise many backgrounds. Therefore, species often exhibit adaptive traits to …

Animals from many taxa, from snakes and crabs to caterpillars and lobsters, change
appearance with age, but the reasons why this occurs are rarely tested. We show the …

Species that change colour present an ideal opportunity to study the control and tuning of
camouflage with regards to the background. However, most research on colour-pattern …

Camouflage is widespread throughout the natural world and conceals animals from
predators in a vast range of habitats. Because successful camouflage usually involves …

The European green crab (Carcinus maenas) is one of the most extensively studied
decapod species worldwide, and it currently inhabits every continent except Antarctica. Its …