This review article explores the impact of nitrogen fertilizers on the symbiotic relationship
between Rhizobium bacteria and legume plants. Nitrogen fixation has the potential to …

Biological nitrogen fixation in rhizobia occurs primarily in root or stem nodules and is
induced by the bacteria present in legume plants. This symbiotic process has fascinated …

The above ground growth of the plant is highly dependent on the belowground root system.
Rhizosphere is the zone of continuous interplay between plant roots and soil microbial …

Symbiotic nodules formed on legume roots with rhizobia fix atmospheric N2. Bacteria reduce
N2 to NH4+ that is assimilated into amino acids by the plant. In return, the plant provides …

The symbiosis between legumes and nitrogen fixing bacteria called rhizobia leads to the
formation of root nodules. Nodules are highly organized root organs that form in response to …

NO emissions from soils and ecosystems are of outstanding importance for atmospheric
chemistry. Here we review the current knowledge on processes involved in the formation …

Nitric oxide (NO) is a signaling and defense molecule of major importance in living
organisms. In the model legume Medicago truncatula, NO production has been detected in …

Abstract Significance: During the Legume–Rhizobium symbiosis, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)
and nitric oxide (NO) appear to play an important signaling role in the establishment and the …

Nitric oxide (NO) is an active and critical nitrogen oxide in the microbe-driven nitrogen
biogeochemical cycle, and is of great interest to medicine and the biological sciences. As a …

Plants produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) when exposed to low oxygen (O2). Much
experimental evidence has demonstrated the existence of an oxidative burst when there is …