Physical, thermal, and mechanical properties of snow, ice, and permafrost

L Arenson, W Colgan, HP Marshall - Snow and ice-related hazards, risks …, 2021 - Elsevier
The physical, thermal, and mechanical properties of snow, ice, and permafrost are
responsible for the response of these cryospheric materials to external stressors. An …

A Poisson shot noise model for micro-penetration of snow

H Löwe, A Van Herwijnen - Cold Regions Science and Technology, 2012 - Elsevier
As a common starting point for the interpretation of SnowMicroPenetrometer (SMP) data the
penetration force is interpreted as a superposition of spatially uncorrelated ruptures of …

Accurate inversion of high‐resolution snow penetrometer signals for microstructural and micromechanical properties

HP Marshall, JB Johnson - Journal of Geophysical Research …, 2009 - Wiley Online Library
Measurements of snow using a high‐resolution micropenetrometer can be used to
discriminate between different snow types; in lower‐density snow the signal is sensitive to …

Comparing measurements of snow mechanical properties relevant for slab avalanche release

B Reuter, M Proksch, H Loewe… - Journal of …, 2019 - cambridge.org
Snow properties relevant to the fracture processes involved in dry-snow slab avalanche
release include weak layer specific fracture energy, slab elastic modulus and density …

A new method for comparing and matching snow profiles, application for profiles measured by penetrometers

P Hagenmuller, T Pilloix - Frontiers in Earth Science, 2016 - frontiersin.org
Hardness has long been recognized as a good predictor of snow mechanical properties and
therefore as an indicator of snowpack stability at the measured point. Portable digital …

Determination of snow stresses under vehicle loads

J Pytka - Cold regions science and technology, 2010 - Elsevier
This paper presents results of two experiments on snow stress measurements under
vehicles running over snow pack. In the experiments, a 5.6 T 4× 4 military truck and a …

Air-mass trajectories and extreme episodes: Snowfalls on the natural region of the south-east coast of the Iberian Peninsula (1900–2005)

E Martínez-Ibarra, FJ Bello-Millán… - Atmospheric Research, 2025 - Elsevier
This paper analyses and characterizes snowfall events in one of the hottest, most arid areas
in continental Europe. Our information was taken from a snowfall database that was partly …

[HTML][HTML] Automatic snow type classification of snow micropenetrometer profiles with machine learning algorithms

J Kaltenborn, AR Macfarlane, V Clay… - Geoscientific Model …, 2023 - gmd.copernicus.org
Snow-layer segmentation and classification are essential diagnostic tasks for various
cryospheric applications. The SnowMicroPen (SMP) measures the snowpack's penetration …

How strong is Snow? Spatial correlations of snowpack load bearing capacity and micromechanics from NASA SnowEx SnowMicroPen Data at Grand Mesa, Colorado

ME Tedesche, AC Meyer, SN Vecherin… - Cold Regions Science …, 2025 - Elsevier
The mechanical and structural properties of a snowpack, at both the micro-and macro-
scales, are critical to understanding how snow cover architecture evolves over each winter …

Experimental analysis of snow micropenetrometer (SMP) cone penetration in homogeneous snow layers

A van Herwijnen - Canadian Geotechnical Journal, 2013 - cdnsciencepub.com
The cone penetration test (CPT) is widely used to determine in situ soil and snow
characteristics and stratigraphy. For avalanche forecasting, knowledge about snow …