The rapid development of additive manufacturing has fueled a revolution in various research
fields and industrial applications. Among the myriad of advanced 3D printing techniques …

The dependence of the polymerization and optical damage thresholds in multi-photon
polymerization (MPP) lithography was studied using a broadly-tunable laser system with …

The development of modern information technology has led to significant demand for
microoptical elements with complex surface profiles and nanoscale surface roughness …

The importance of 3D direct laser writing as an enabling technology increased rapidly in
recent years. Complex micro‐optics and optical devices with various functionalities are now …

Commercially available optical photoresists for femtosecond direct laser writing are mostly
transparent and only cover a small range of optical properties. This limits the design …

3D printed microoptics have become important tools for miniature endoscopy, novel CMOS-
based on-chip sensors, OCT-fibers, among others. Until now, only image quality and spot …

Direct writing laser lithography has become increasingly attractive due to its mask-free
nature, offering significant design flexibility and minimizing additional costs associated with …

The fabrication of 2D devices with micro/nano-scale features often rely on assembly from a
top-down perspective, where the design emphasis is on the removal of material to generate …