Modern industrialization leads to an increasing demand for steel around the world, the
production of one ton of crude steel generates a substantial amount of steel slag (SS 1) …

Strain sensors can identify the state of concrete buildings; however, they can only measure
the local behavior of materials. To overcome this issue, researchers have created …

Concrete is a composite material that is highly used in construction fields. Steel slag (SS) is
a molten liquid melt of silicates and oxides, is a by-product of the steel-making process, and …

Previous research has shown there is often a need to incorporate additional binders to
maintain mechanical properties when incorporating waste-based aggregates in concrete …

Concrete is a highly adaptable composite material that is widely used in construction.
Steelmaking produces byproducts such as ferrous steel slag and Ground Granulated Blast …

In this experimental and analytical study, waste fire clay (WFC) was consumed by the use of
replacing fine aggregate (FA) in confident amounts. It is targeted to remove the current …

Concrete is a very flexible composite material that is extensively employed in the building
industry. Steel slag is a waste material produced during steelmaking. It is formed during the …

Steel slag is a solid waste produced in crude steel smelting, and a typical management
option is stockpiling in slag disposal yards. Over the years, the massive production of steel …

Metal waste recycling has become a global requirement owing to its environmental benefits
and powerful economic activity. Metal nail waste (MNW) is a byproduct of metal nail …

Steel slag is the main by-product of steelmaking, and its stacking and burying cause serious
pollution to soil and water. Meanwhile, the exploitation of gravel is restricted with the …