Abstract Systems neuroscience approaches with a focus on large-scale brain organization
and network analysis are advancing foundational knowledge of how cognitive control …

The impaired response inhibition and salience attribution (iRISA) model proposes that
impaired response inhibition and salience attribution underlie drug seeking and taking. To …

Serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) is acknowledged as a major neuromodulator of
nervous systems in both invertebrates and vertebrates. It has been proposed for several …

The ability to make decisions and act quickly without hesitation can be advantageous in
many settings. However, when persistently expressed, impulsive decisions and actions are …

The nucleus accumbens is a major input structure of the basal ganglia and integrates
information from cortical and limbic structures to mediate goal-directed behaviors. Chronic …

A decade ago, we hypothesized that drug addiction can be viewed as a transition from
voluntary, recreational drug use to compulsive drug-seeking habits, neurally underpinned by …

Socioeconomic differences in behaviour are pervasive and well documented, but their
causes are not yet well understood. Here, we make the case that a cluster of behaviours is …

Classically, the basal ganglia have been considered to have a role in producing habitual
and goal-directed behaviours. In this article, we review recent evidence that expands this …

Prominent theories suggest that compulsive behaviors, characteristic of obsessive-
compulsive disorder and addiction, are driven by shared deficits in goal-directed control …

In many circumstances alternative courses of action and thoughts have to be inhibited to
allow the emergence of goal-directed behavior. However, this has not been the accepted …