Basaltic volcanism'samples' the Earth's mantle to great depths, because solid-state
convection transports deep material into the (shallow) melting region. The isotopic and trace …

Ubiquitous heterogeneity in the Earth's mantle has been documented by numerous
chemical and isotopic analyses of oceanic basalts. Despite the ever-increasing amount of …

Many oceanic island basalts show sublinear subparallel arrays in Sr-Nd-Pb isotopic space.
The depleted upper mantle is rarely a mixing end-member of these arrays, as would be …

In this paper we classify the range of feldspathic igneous rocks using five geochemical
variables: the FeO/(FeO+ MgO) ratio or Fe-index, the modified alkali–lime index, the …

Stratigraphic data and 40 Ar-39Ar ages for the Early Cretaceous Paraná-Etendeka flood
basalts indicate that the main magmatic episode lasted for several my (129–134 Ma) and …

Recycled ancient oceanic crust with variable amounts of aging, or inclusion of sediments of
differing types and origins has often been invoked as a source for present‐day ocean island …

Recycling of oceanic crust together with different types of marine sediments has become
somewhat of a paradigm for explaining the chemical and isotopic composition of ocean …

Major and trace element and Sr–Nd–Pb–O–C isotopic compositions are presented for
carbonatites from the Cape Verde (Brava, Fogo, Sáo Tiago, Maio and Sáo Vicente) and …

Bulk-rock geochemical compositions of hypabyssal kimberlites, emplaced through the
Archaean Kaapvaal craton and Proterozoic Namaqua–Natal belt, are used to estimate close …

Fresh samples of hypabyssal kimberlite from the five major kimberlite pipes in the Kimberley
area of South Africa have been analysed for their bulk-rock major and trace element …