Although the first ancient DNA molecules were extracted more than three decades ago, the
first ancient nuclear genomes could only be characterized after high-throughput sequencing …

Under favorable conditions DNA can survive for thousands of years in the remains of dead
organisms. The DNA extracted from such remains is invariably degraded to a small average …

Dogs were the first domestic animal, but little is known about their population history and to
what extent it was linked to humans. We sequenced 27 ancient dog genomes and found that …

Abstract The Middle to Upper Palaeolithic transition in Europe witnessed the replacement
and partial absorption of local Neanderthal populations by Homo sapiens populations of …

We generated genome-wide data from 69 Europeans who lived between 8,000–3,000 years
ago by enriching ancient DNA libraries for a target set of almost 400,000 polymorphisms …

Modern humans arrived in Europe~ 45,000 years ago, but little is known about their genetic
composition before the start of farming~ 8,500 years ago. Here we analyse genome-wide …

Although a rich record of Pleistocene human-associated archaeological assemblages
exists, the scarcity of hominin fossils often impedes the understanding of which hominins …

We sequenced the genomes of a∼ 7,000-year-old farmer from Germany and eight∼ 8,000-
year-old hunter-gatherers from Luxembourg and Sweden. We analysed these and other …

Present-day hunter-gatherers (HGs) live in multilevel social groups essential to sustain a
population structure characterized by limited levels of within-band relatedness and …

Although an inverse relationship is expected in ancient DNA samples between the number
of surviving DNA fragments and their length, ancient DNA sequencing libraries are strikingly …