Dynamic traffic simulation models are frequently used to support decisions when planning
an evacuation. This contribution reviews the different (mathematical) model formulations …

The paper presents a critical review of selected simulation models including (1) flow
based,(2) cellular automata,(3) agent-based, and (4) activity-based models, as well as of …

To test simulation models of pedestrian flows, we have performed experiments for corridors,
bottleneck areas, and intersections. Our evaluations of video recordings show that the …

Of the many crowd behavior models, very few have been used in assisting crowd
management practice. This lack of usage is partly due to crowd management involving a …

Using multi-agent models to study social systems has attracted criticisms because of the
challenges involved in their validation. Common criticisms that we have encountered are …

Abstract Using three-dimensional (3D) indoor environments in pedestrian evacuation
simulations is increasingly active. However, a systemic review that reflects the latest …

We describe a platform for smart, city-wide crowd management based on participatory
mobile phone sensing and location/situation specific information delivery. The platform …

Indoor emergency response plays a critically important role in disaster management for
cities, which must consider the evacuation of people in a dynamic indoor environment. The …

In recent years and decades the development of ever more powerful computer hardware
has been accompanied by the evolution of simulational or computer physics as a third …

Human behaviors and capabilities during fire evacuations can be significantly influenced by
the environmental conditions such as building layout and smoke distribution, and therefore …