Three‐dimensional cell culture models, such as spheroids, can be used in the process of the
development of new anticancer agents because they are able to closely mimic the main …

The past decades have witnessed significant efforts toward the development of three-
dimensional (3D) cell cultures as systems that better mimic in vivo physiology. Today, 3D …

Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) continues to be a major source of clinical attrition,
precautionary warnings, and post-market withdrawal of drugs. Accordingly, there is a need …

Human in vitro physiological models studying disease and drug treatment effects are
urgently needed as more relevant tools to identify new drug targets and therapies. We have …

The liver plays critical roles in both homeostasis and pathology. It is the major site of drug
metabolism in the body and, as such, a common target for drug-induced toxicity and is …

Immortalized hepatocyte cell lines show only a weak resemblance to primary hepatocytes in
terms of gene expression and function, limiting their value in predicting drug-induced liver …

Parkinson's disease (PD) coincides with a dramatic loss of dopaminergic neurons within the
substantia nigra. A key player in the loss of dopaminergic neurons is oxidative stress …

The liver is an organ with critical importance for drug treatment as the disposition and
response to a given drug is often determined by its hepatic metabolism. Patient-specific …

The poor predictability of human liver toxicity is still causing high attrition rates of drug
candidates in the pharmaceutical industry at the non-clinical, clinical, and post-marketing …

Nominal effect concentrations from in vitro toxicity assays may lead to inaccurate estimations
of in vivo toxic doses because the nominal concentration poorly reflects the concentration at …