In a context of global change and increasing anthropic pressure on the environment,
monitoring the Earth system and its evolution has become one of the key missions of …

This review covers basic theory and techniques behind the use of ground-based gravimetry
at the Earth's surface. The orientation is toward modern instrumentation, data processing …

Abstract The 2002–03 Mt Etna flank eruption began on 26 October 2002 and finished on 28
January 2003, after three months of continuous explosive activity and discontinuous lava …

Volcanic edifices, such as Mt. Etna (Italy), are commonly subject to repeated cycles of stress
over time due to the combination of magma emplacement from deep reservoirs to shallow …

Volcanism at Mount Etna (Italy) has been observed for millennia and inspired ancient
mythologies as well as scientific thought through countless generations. Yet much of our …

During the past few decades, time-variable volcano gravimetry has shown great potential for
imaging subsurface processes at active volcanoes (including some processes that might …

Time-dependent gravimetric measurements can detect subsurface processes long before
magma flow leads to earthquakes or other eruption precursors. The ability of gravity …

Ascent of magma through Earth's crust is normally associated with, among other effects,
ground deformation and gravity changes. Geodesy is thus a valuable tool for monitoring and …

Knowledge of the spatio-temporal changes in the characteristics and distribution of
subsurface fluids is key to properly addressing important societal issues, including …

The 2002–2003 Mount Etna eruption and the associated deformation provide a unique
possibility to study the relationships between volcanism and volcano instability. The …