Wildlife vertebrate hosts are integral to enzootic cycles of tick-borne pathogens, and in some
cases have played key roles in the recent rise of ticks and tick-borne diseases in North …

Lyme borreliosis (LB) and other Ixodes ricinus-borne diseases (TBDs) are diseases that
emerge from interactions of humans and domestic animals with infected ticks in nature …

Abstract Changes to the community ecology of hosts for zoonotic pathogens, particularly
rodents, are likely to influence the emergence and prevalence of zoonotic diseases …

Species that respond to ecosystem change in a timely, measurable, and interpretable way
can be used as sentinels of global change. Contrary to a pervasive view, we suggest that …

In spite of many decades of intensive research on Ixodes ricinus, the castor bean tick of
Europe, several important aspects of its basic biology remain elusive, such as the factors …

Background Anaplasma phagocytophilum is currently regarded as a single species.
However, molecular studies indicate that it can be subdivided into ecotypes, each with …

Background Rodents are considered to contribute strongly to the risk of tick-borne diseases
by feeding Ixodes ricinus larvae and by acting as amplifying hosts for pathogens. Here, we …

At a time of major global, societal, and environmental changes, the shifting distribution of
pathogen vectors represents a real danger in certain regions of the world as generating …

Ticks are important human and animal parasites and vectors of many infectious disease
agents. Control of tick activity is an effective tool to reduce the risk of contracting tick …

Humans, as super predators, can have strong effects on wildlife behaviour, including
profound modifications of diel activity patterns. Subsequent to the return of large carnivores …