In contrast to conventional hard actuators, soft actuators offer many vivid advantages, such
as improved flexibility, adaptability, and reconfigurability, which are intrinsic to living …

Many organisms in nature thrive in intricate habitats through their unique bio-adhesive
surfaces, facilitating tasks such as capturing prey and reproduction. It's important to note that …

Microrobots that are light and agile yet require no artificial power input can be widely used in
medical, military, and industrial applications. As an actuation system to drive such robots …

In recent years, with the outbreak and epidemic of the novel coronavirus in the world, how to
obtain clean water from the limited resources has become an urgent issue of concern to all …

Materials with switchable mechanical properties are widespread in living organisms and
endow many species with traits that are essential for their survival. Many of the mechanically …

Many plants autonomously change morphology and function in response to environmental
stimuli or sequences of stimuli. In contrast with the electronically-integrated sensors …

The hygroscopic deformation of pine cones, featured by opening and closing their scales
depending on the environmental humidity, is a well-known stimuli-responsive model system …

Nature has been producing cellulose since long before man walked the surface of the earth.
Millions of years of natural design and testing have resulted in cellulose‐based structures …

Achieving multicapability in a single soft gripper for handling ultrasoft, ultrathin, and
ultraheavy objects is challenging due to the tradeoff between compliance, strength, and …

Plant leaves, whose remarkable ability for morphogenesis results in a wide range of petal
and leaf shapes in response to environmental cues, have inspired scientific studies as well …