Abstract Knowledge of the characteristics of natural climate variability is vital when
assessing the range of plausible future climate trajectories in the next decades to centuries …

This article provides a comprehensive review of the global monsoon that encompasses
findings from studies of both modern monsoons and paleomonsoons. We introduce a …

Here is the monumental retelling of one of the most consequential chapters of human
history: the fall of the Roman Empire. The Fate of Rome is the first book to examine the …

Two atmospheric circulation systems, the mid-latitude Westerlies and the Asian summer
monsoon (ASM), play key roles in northern-hemisphere climatic changes. However, the …

Global temperatures are known to have varied over the past 1500 years, but the spatial
patterns have remained poorly defined. We used a global climate proxy network to …

Surface winds and surface ocean hydrography in the subpolar North Atlantic appear to have
been influenced by variations in solar output through the entire Holocene. The evidence …

A 5-year-resolution absolute-dated oxygen isotope record from Dongge Cave, southern
China, provides a continuous history of the Asian monsoon over the past 9000 years …

The last 6000years are of particular interest to the understanding of the Earth System
because the boundary conditions of the climate system did not change dramatically (in …

This paper describes the recommended solar forcing dataset for CMIP6 and highlights
changes with respect to CMIP5. The solar forcing is provided for radiative properties, namely …

Multiproxy reconstructions of monthly and seasonal surface temperature fields for Europe
back to 1500 show that the late 20th-and early 21st-century European climate is very likely …