The industrial activities of the last century have caused massive increases in human
exposure to heavy metals. Mercury, lead, chromium, cadmium, and arsenic have been the …

Chromium (Cr) is a trace element critical to human health and well-being. In the last few
decades, its contamination, especially hexavalent chromium [Cr (VI)] form in both terrestrial …

Heavy metals are naturally occurring elements that have a high atomic weight and a density
at least five times greater than that of water. Their multiple industrial, domestic, agricultural …

Heavy metals pose a serious threat if they go beyond permissible limits in our bodies. Much
heavy metal's viz. Lead, Chromium, Arsenic, Mercury, Nickel, and Cadmium pose a serious …

Most of the metal ions are carcinogens and lead to serious health concerns by producing
free radicals. Hence, fast and accurate detection of metal ions has become a critical issue …

The growing use of heavy metals in most industrial activities has led to it being considered
as the most important environmental pollutant that may cause harm and toxicity to animals …

Heavy metal exist naturally in environment, but due to human and some natural activities
they have been entered to water bodies, air and soil and have become one of the major …

Hexavalent chromium is a highly soluble environmental contaminant. It is a widespread
anthropogenic chromium species that is 100 times more toxic than trivalent chromium …

Abstract Heavy metal Chromium (Cr), can adversely affect humans and their health if
accumulated in organs of the body, such as the lungs, liver, and kidneys. Cr (VI) is highly …

With increasing trend in industrialization, heavy metals possess a great threat to the
environment due to their discharge in water and wastewater above permissible limits. Heavy …