Cancer immunity is regulated by several mechanisms that include co-stimulatory and/or co-
inhibitory molecules known as immune checkpoints expressed by the immune cells. In …

Simple Summary This manuscript discusses the ongoing challenge of cancer as a leading
global cause of death despite advancements in therapies. It highlights the role of …

Cancer's complexity is in part due to the presence of intratumor heterogeneity and the
dynamic nature of cancer cell plasticity, which create substantial obstacles in effective …

The prognosis for patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) remains worse than expected due to
metastasis, recurrence, and resistance to chemotherapy. Colorectal cancer stem cells …

Cancer remains a leading cause of death globally, and its complexity poses a significant
challenge to effective treatment. Cancer stem cells and their markers have become key …

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most frequently found cancer in the world, and it is
frequently discovered when it is already far along in its development. About 20% of cases of …

Cluster of Differentiation 6 (CD6), an established marker of T cells, has multiple and complex
functions in regulation of T cell activation and proliferation, and in adhesion of T cells to …

Simple Summary It is well recognized that EVs carry many membrane proteins on their
surface that can transduce signals to recipient cells and serve as biomarkers/target proteins …

The majority of colorectal cancers (CRCs) are thought to arise from precancerous
adenomas. Upon exposure to diverse microenvironmental factors, precancerous stem cells …

Ovarian cancer is one of the gynaecology malignancies with the highest mortality rate.
Ovarian cancer stem cell (CSC) is a subpopulation of ovarian cancer cells with increased …