Alternative fuels are still needed to compensate for the energy shortages caused by fossil
fuel depletion. The paper aims to brief the types of alternative fuels used for the past 30 …

Exhaust emission from transportation sector affects the human health. It is the main
contributor to degrade the air quality. Biofuel is promising alternative to maintain both human …

As a renewable, sustainable and alternative fuel for compression ignition engines, biodiesel
instead of diesel has been increasingly fueled to study its effects on engine performances …

Due to the shortage of the conventional fossil fuels and air pollution from combustion, new,
sustainable and cleaner fuel resources are urgently required. Biodiesel has been introduced …

This study investigates the use of ferric chloride (FeCl 3) as a fuel borne catalyst (FBC) for
waste cooking palm oil based biodiesel. The metal based additive was added to biodiesel at …

Global energy demand is increasing due to the population growth and industrialization. In
order to fulfill the energy demand with considering global concern, it is necessary to find out …

Increased global warming and declining fossil fuel reserves have stimulated the researchers
to look for new sources of fuel, which should be renewable, locally available and …

The global energy consumption is expected to grow in a faster rate than the population
growth. By 2030, an increase of 53% of global energy consumption and 39% of greenhouse …

Due to the depleting amount of petroleum reserves and the increasing awareness on
environmental concerns, biodiesel has become one of the most demanding and promising …

Compression ignition (CI) engines contribute more detrimental emissions when compared to
petrol engines, especially NOx and smoke emissions. The main reason for diesel engines to …