People increasingly use social media platforms to express themselves by posting visuals
and texts. As a result, hate content is on the rise, necessitating practical visual caption …

Social media networking is a prominent topic in real life, particularly at the current moment.
The impact of comments has been investigated in several studies. Twitter, Facebook, and …

With the proliferation of social networks and their impact on human life, one of the rising
problems in this environment is the rise in verbal and written insults and hatred. As one of …

Over the past decade, increased use of social media has led to an increase in hate content.
To address this issue new solutions must be implemented to filter out this kind of …

The Arabic language plays a crucial role in the world after becoming the sixth official
language of the United Nations (UN). In the last ten years, there has been a rising growth in …

The rapid growth of social media platforms has led to an increase in hate speech. This has
prompted the development of effective detection mechanisms that aim to mitigate the …

Due to its interactive and real-time character, gathering public opinion through the analysis
of massive social data has garnered considerable attention. Recent research have used …

In different NLP tasks, detecting harmful content is crucial for online environments,
especially with the growing influence of social media. However, previous research has two …

Hate Speech is a frequent problem occurring among Internet users. Recent regulations are
being discussed by UK representatives (“Online Safety Bill”) and by the European …

Multimodal hate detection aims to identify hate content across multiple modalities for
promoting a harmonious online environment. Despite promising progress, three critical …