Much emotion research has focused on the end result of the emotion process, categorical
emotions, as reported by the protagonist or diagnosed by the researcher, with the aim of …

In its original version, control-value theory describes and explains achievement emotions.
More recently, the theory has been expanded to also explain epistemic, social, and …

" Emotions have many facets. They involve feelings and experience, they involve physiology
and behavior, and they involve cognitions and conceptualizations. There are important …

Emotions are ubiquitous in academic settings, and they profoundly affect students' academic
engagement and performance. In this chapter, we summarize the extant research on …

Surprises are refuted expectations and therefore an inevitable concomitant of errors of
anticipating the future. This paper argues that the timing is just right for a spatial account of …

Despite decades of challenges to the idea that a small number of emotions enjoys the
special status of “basic emotions,” the idea continues to have considerable influence in …

The facial feedback hypothesis suggests that an individual's experience of emotion is
influenced by feedback from their facial movements. To evaluate the cumulative evidence for …

Storytelling represents a key element in the creation and propagation of culture. Three main
accounts of the adaptive function of storytelling include (a) manipulating the behavior of the …

Notions of surprise and novelty have been used in various experimental and theoretical
studies across multiple brain areas and species. However,'surprise'and 'novelty'refer to …

This article attempts to delineate the procedural and mechanistic characteristics of predicting
as a learning strategy. While asking students to generate a prediction before presenting the …