Conservation biologists are devoting an increasing amount of energy to debating whether
land sparing (high‐yielding agriculture on a small land footprint) or land sharing (low …

Few concepts in ecology have been so influential as that of the trophic cascade. Since the
1980s, the term has been a central or major theme of more than 2000 scientific articles …

Metacommunity ecology links smaller-scale processes that have been the provenance of
population and community ecology—such as birth-death processes, species interactions …

The Anthropocene is characterized as an epoch when human influence has begun to
fundamentally alter many aspects of the Earth system and many of the planet's biomes …

Trophic cascades—the top-down regulation of ecosystems by predators—are an essential
aspect of ecosystem function and well-being. Trophic cascades are often drastically …

The vast scope of conservation problems has forced biologists and managers to rely on"
surrogate" species to serve as shortcuts to guide their decision making. These species …

The future of tropical forest biodiversity depends more than ever on the effective
management of human‐modified landscapes, presenting a daunting challenge to …

Aboveground-Belowground Linkages provides the most up-to-date and comprehensive
synthesis of recent advances in our understanding of the roles that interactions between …

Ecosystem services are natural processes that benefit humans. Birds contribute the four
types of services recognized by the UN Millennium Ecosystem Assessment—provisioning …

Efforts to understand the ecological regulation of species diversity via bottom-up approaches
have failed to yield a consensus theory. Theories based on the alternative of top-down …