Dexmedetomidine is an α 2-adrenoceptor agonist with sedative, anxiolytic, sympatholytic,
and analgesic-sparing effects, and minimal depression of respiratory function. It is potent …

Despite lack of paediatric labelling, contributions to the literature on paediatric applications
of dexmedetomidine have increased over recent years. Dexmedetomidine possesses many …

Abstract The Face, Legs, Activity, Cry and Consolability (FLACC) scale is one of the most
widely used behavioural observation pain scales. However, the psychometrics of the scale …

Clonidine, an alpha-2 agonist, is most widely known and used as an antihypertensive agent.
Although most of the focus on clonidine is on its ability to reduce blood pressure, it also has …

Background Children's fear about dental treatment may lead to behaviour management
problems for the dentist, which can be a barrier to the successful dental treatment of …

Most of the paediatric published studies concerning dexmedetomidine are observational in
nature, with limited control groups or comparators. Adverse effects (eg bradycardia) still …

Background Ketamine is commonly used for procedural sedation and analgesia (PSA) in
children. Evidence suggests it can be administered intranasally (IN). We sought to review …

Background The aim of our study was to compare the efficacy of dexmedetomidine,
ketamine, and midazolam for sedative premedication administered by nebuliser 30 min …

Methods: This prospective, randomised, comparative study was conducted in 100 American
Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) I, II patients. The primary outcome was to evaluate the …

The intranasal route for medication administration is increasingly popular in the emergency
department and out-of-hospital setting because such administration is simple and fast, and …