Highlights•Normative models describe evidence accumulation strategies in volatile
environments.•When correct choices change unpredictably evidence should be discounted …

Behavior relies on the ability of sensory systems to infer properties of the environment from
incoming stimuli. The accuracy of inference depends on the fidelity with which behaviorally …

Nonlinear filtering is used in online estimation of a dynamic hidden variable from incoming
data and has vast applications in different fields, ranging from engineering, machine …

Decisions often benefit from learned expectations about the sequential structure of the
evidence. Here we show that individual differences in this learning process can reflect …

Over the last decade, there has been a robust debate in decision neuroscience and
psychology about what mechanism governs the time course of decision-making. Historically …

The canonical computational model for the cognitive process underlying two-alternative
forced-choice decision making is the so-called drift–diffusion model (DDM). In this model, a …

To make decisions organisms often accumulate information across multiple timescales.
However, most experimental and modeling studies of decision-making focus on sequences …

Animal behavior constantly adapts to changes, for example when the statistical properties of
the environment change unexpectedly. For an agent that interacts with this volatile setting, it …

To interpret the sensory environment, the brain combines ambiguous sensory
measurements with knowledge that reflects context-specific prior experience. But …

To make informed decisions in natural environments that change over time, humans must
update their beliefs as new observations are gathered. Studies exploring human inference …