More than three-quarters of the Earth's surface is occupied by cold ecosystems, including
the ocean depths, and polar and alpine regions. These permanently cold environments …

The bulk of the Earth's biosphere is cold (eg 90% of the ocean's waters are≤ 5° C),
sustaining a broad diversity of microbial life. The permanently cold environments vary from …

Psychrophilic (cold-adapted) organisms and their products have potential applications in a
broad range of industrial, agricultural and medical processes. In order for growth to occur in …

Most reviews of microbial life in cold environments begin with a lament of how little is known
about the psychrophilic (cold-loving) inhabitants or their specific adaptations to the cold. This …

A considerable fraction of life develops in the sea at temperatures lower than 15° C. Little is
known about the adaptive features selected under those conditions. We present the analysis …

We studied a sample from the GISP 2 (Greenland Ice Sheet Project) ice core to determine
the diversity and survival of microorganisms trapped in the ice at least 120,000 years ago …

Biocatalysts are the backbone of bioprocessing industries that are going through a phase of
transition with reference to the requirement of extraordinary enzymes for various …

Microorganisms, plants, and animals have successfully colonized cold environments, which
represent the majority of the biosphere on Earth. They have evolved special mechanisms to …

Extremozymes, enzymes derived from extremophilic organisms, have gained significant
attention in industrial applications due to their remarkable resistance to extreme conditions …

Psychrophiles or cold-loving organisms successfully colonize cold environments of the
Earth's biosphere. To cope with the reduction of chemical reaction rates induced by low …