Influenza viruses belong to the family Orthomyxoviridae with a negative-sense, single-
stranded segmented RNA genome. They infect a wide range of animals, including humans …

Abstract The outbreak of clade 2.3. 4.4 b highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses of the
H5N1 subtype (HPAI H5N1) in dairy cattle in the USA has so far resulted in spillover …

Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) viruses cross species barriers and have the
potential to cause pandemics. In North America, HPAI A (H5N1) viruses related to the …

H5 influenza viruses have caused much alarm globally due to their high pathogenic
potential. As yet we have not seen sustained spread of the virus amongst humans despite a …

Since April 2024, sporadic infections with highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) A (H5)
viruses have been detected among dairy farm workers in the United States. To date …

Abstract Background. A (H5N1) and A (H9N2) avian influenza viruses are enzootic in
Egyptian poultry, and most A (H5N1) human cases since 2009 have occurred in Egypt. Our …

Background. The pandemic potential of avian influenza viruses A (H5N1) and A (H7N9)
remains an unresolved but critically important question. Methods. We compared the …

In China during March 4–April 28, 2013, avian influenza A (H7N9) virus testing was
performed on 20,739 specimens from patients with influenza-like illness in 10 provinces with …

Background Population‐based serologic studies are a vital tool for understanding the
epidemiology of influenza and other respiratory viruses, including the early assessment of …

We conducted a 3-year longitudinal serologic survey on an open cohort of poultry workers,
swine workers, and general population controls to assess avian influenza A virus (AIV) …