The Earth as a planetary system has experienced significant change since its formation c.
4.54 Gyr ago. Some of these changes have been gradual, such as secular cooling of the …

Water-fluxed melting, also known as fluid-or water-present melting, is a fundamental process
in the differentiation of continents but its importance has been underestimated in the past 20 …

TTGs (tonalite–trondhjemite–granodiorite) are one of the archetypical lithologies of
Archaean cratons. Since their original description in the 1970s, they have been the subject …

Adakite was originally proposed as a genetic term to define intermediate to high-silica, high
Sr/Y and La/Yb volcanic and plutonic rocks derived from melting of the basaltic portion of …

Subduction zones not only return oceanic lithosphere into the mantle, but are also sites
where chemical components are transferred from the downgoing plate back to the surface in …

Knowledge of temperature and pressure, however qualitative, has been central to our views
of geology since at least the early 19th century. In 1822, for example, Charles Daubeny …

Examination of an extensive adakite geochemical database identifies two distinct
compositional groups. One consists of high-SiO2 adakites (HSA) which is considered to …

Subduction is the main process that recycles surface material into the mantle. Fluids and
melts derived by dehydration and partial melting reactions of subducted continental crust, a …

Although both high-Al TTG (tonalite–trondhjemite–granodiorite) and adakite show strongly
fractionated REE and incompatible element patterns, TTGs have lower Sr, Mg, Ni, Cr, and …

Synthesis experiments were conducted on a natural basalt (with 2 or 5 wt.% H2O added) at
1.0–2.5 GPa and 900–1100° C to investigate the stability field of rutile and rutile/liquid HFSE …