Humans and animals use mental representations of the spatial structure of the world to
navigate. The classical view is that these representations take the form of Euclidean …

The'cognitive map'hypothesis proposes that brain builds a unified representation of the
spatial environment to support memory and guide future action. Forty years of …

Sex differences are reported in hippocampal plasticity, cognition, and in a number of
disorders that target the integrity of the hippocampus. For example, meta-analyses reveal …

There is considerable research on the neurobiological mechanisms within the hippocampal
system that support spatial navigation. In this article I review the literature on navigational …

The idea that memory is not a single mental faculty has a long and interesting history but
became a topic of experimental and biologic inquiry only in the mid-20th century. It is now …

We consider between-subject variance in brain function as data rather than noise. We
describe variability as a natural output of a noisy plastic system (the brain) where each …

How the brain computes accurate estimates of our self-motion relative to the world and our
orientation relative to gravity in order to ensure accurate perception and motor control is a …

Aging affects many aspects of everyday living, such as autonomy, security and quality of life.
Among all, spatial memory and spatial navigation show a gradual but noticeable decline, as …

Neuroscience is contributing to an understanding of the biological bases of human
intelligence differences. This work is principally being conducted along two empirical fronts …

The ability to find one's way in our complex environments represents one of the most
fundamental cognitive functions. Although involving basic perceptual and memory related …